Alexander Kilpatrick

Alexander Kilpatrick

I am an Associate Professor in the Center for Language Research at the Univeristy of Aizu. I am the director of the Language, Cognition, and Computation Laboratory

Publications

Journal Articles

Kilpatrick, A., & Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. (2026). Say it like you mean it: Linguistic vividness and the attentional optimization hypothesis. Cognition, 269, 106406. ResearchGate

Flaksman, M., & Kilpatrick, A. J. (2025). Against the tide: How language-specificity of imitative words increases with time (as evidenced by surprisal). In M. Flaksman & P. Akumbu (Eds.), SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L. (2025). Exploring the dynamics of Shannon's information and iconicity in language processing and lexeme evolution. PLOS ONE, 20(4), e0321294. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J. (2025). The negativity bias is encoded in language. JASA Express Letters, 5(2). ResearchGate

Ngai, C. H., Kilpatrick, A. J., & Ćwiek, A. (2024). Sound symbolism in Japanese names: Machine learning approaches to gender classification. PLOS ONE, 19(3), e0297440. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Ćwiek, A. (2024). Using artificial intelligence to explore sound symbolic expressions of gender in American English. PeerJ Computer Science, 10, e1811. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Ćwiek, A., Lewis, E., & Kawahara, S. (2023). A cross-linguistic, sound symbolic relationship between labial consonants, voiced plosives, and Pokémon friendship. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 722. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Ćwiek, A., & Kawahara, S. (2023). Random forests, sound symbolism and Pokémon evolution. PLOS ONE, 18(1), e0279350. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Kawahara, S., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R., Baker, B., & Fletcher, J. (2020). Japanese perceptual epenthesis is modulated by transitional probability. Language and Speech, 63(4), 980–1003. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., & Baker, B. J. (2019). Japanese co-occurrence restrictions influence second language perception. Applied Psycholinguistics, 40(2), 585–611. ResearchGate

Conference Proceedings

Kilpatrick, A. J., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., & Iida, H. (2026). Markedness as surprisal: Information theory and language inefficiency. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2026). ResearchGate

Mooshammer, T., & Kilpatrick, A. J. (2025). Age-related positivity effects in the perception of constructed languages. Proceedings of the 21st P&P: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L. (2025). Say what you mean: Linguistic vividness and information theory. Proceedings of the 31st Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L. (2025). Language processing insights from average phonemic bigram surprisal. Proceedings of the 31st Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Flaksman, M. (2025). The exception of humor: Iconicity, phonemic surprisal, memory recall, and emotional associations. Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Computational Humor. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L. (2024). Decoding informativity and iconicity in American English. Proceedings of the 19th Australasian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Peperkamp, P. (2024). Coarticulation and transitional probability in Japanese perceptual epenthesis. Proceedings of the 19th Australasian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J. (2024). Information equilibration in English and Japanese morphemes. Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Laboratory Phonology. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J. (2024). Sound symbolism in automatic emotion recognition and sentiment analysis. Proceedings of Cognitive A.I. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Wang, Y. (2023). Training artificial intelligence to assess ESL writing using complexity measures. The Japanese Society for Language Sciences Handbook. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., & Kawahara, S. (2022). Using random forests to identify sound symbolic relationships in Pokémon names. Proceedings of the 13th Iconicity in Language and Literature Conference. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Kawahara, S., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Baker, B. J., & Fletcher, J. (2019). Predictability, word frequency and Japanese perceptual epenthesis. Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Kawahara, S., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Baker, B. J., & Fletcher, J. (2018). Japanese listeners are more likely to perceive illusory vowels in predictable contexts. Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Meeting on Phonology. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Kawahara, S., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Baker, B. J., & Fletcher, J. (2018). Japanese vowel devoicing modulates perceptual epenthesis. Proceedings of the 17th Australasian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology (pp. 121–124). ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Kawahara, S., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., Baker, B. J., & Fletcher, J. (2018). Japanese coda [m] elicits perceptual epenthesis and assimilation. Proceedings of the ISAPh 2018 International Symposium on Applied Phonetics. ResearchGate

Kilpatrick, A. J., Bundgaard-Nielsen, R. L., & Baker, B. J. (2016). Japanese vowel deletion occurs in words in citation form. Proceedings of the 16th Australasian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology (pp. 325–328). ResearchGate